Giả sử có 1 mol khí Cl₂, 2 mol khí O₂

a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1}{1+2}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{1+2}.100\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1.71}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=52,59\%\\\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.32}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=47,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\overline{M}=\dfrac{1.71+2.32}{1+2}=45\left(g/mol\right)\)

=> \(d_{A/H_2}=\dfrac{45}{2}=22,5\)

c) \(n_A=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> m_A = 0,3.45 = 13,5 (g)

n_A = 6.72/22.4 = 0.3 (mol) 

=> nH2 = 0.1 ( mol ) 

nO2 = 0.2 ( mol ) 

%VH2 = 0.1 / 0.3 * 100% = 33.33%

%VO2 = 66.67%

%mH2 = 0.1 * 2 / ( 0.1 * 2 + 0.2 * 32 ) * 100% = 3.03%

%mO2 = 96.67%

d A / H2 = ( 0.1 * 2 + 0.2 * 32) / 0.3 : 2 = 11 

Áp dụng quy tắc đường chéo:

\(a.\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{V_{Cl_2}}{V_{O_2}}=\dfrac{15,6}{23,4}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=40\%\\\%V_{O_2}=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b.\) 

Ta có: \(\dfrac{n_{Cl_2}}{n_{O_2}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m_{Cl_2}}{m_{O_2}}=\dfrac{71.2}{32.3}=\dfrac{71}{48}\Leftrightarrow48m_{Cl_2}-71m_{O_2}=0\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{Cl_2}+m_{O_2}=5,95\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cl_2}=3,55\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=2,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(Coi: n_{Cl_2} = 1(mol) \to n_{O_2} = 2(mol)\\ \%V_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{1}{1+2}.100\% = 33,33\%\\ \%V_{O_2} = 100\% -33,33\% = 66,67\%\\ M_A = \dfrac{1.71+2.32}{1+2}=45(g/mol)\\ d_{A/H_2} = \dfrac{45}{2} = 22,5\)

\(\text{Trong 6,72 lít khí A : }m_A = 45.\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=13,5(gam)\)

a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\\\overline{M}=\dfrac{71.n_{Cl_2}+32.n_{O_2}}{n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}}=2.29=58\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}.100\%=33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cl_2}=0,2.71=14,2\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=0,1.32=3,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_A=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=a\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1-a\left(mol\right)\)

\(\overline{M}=8.45\cdot4=33.8\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m=36.5a+32\cdot\left(1-a\right)=33.8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a=0.4\)

\(\%V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.4}{1}\cdot100\%=40\%\)

\(\%V_{O_2}=60\%\)

\(b.\)

\(n_{HCl}:n_{O_2}=0.4:0.6=2:3\)

\(n_{HCl}=2x\left(mol\right),n_{O_2}=3x\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=2x\cdot36.5+3x\cdot32=4.225\left(g\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0.025\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0.025\cdot2\cdot36.5=1.825\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{O_2}=2.4\left(g\right)\)

\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=1.30\%=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=1.20\%=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_T=1-0,3-0,2=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,m_{O_2}=0,3.32=9,6\left(g\right)\)

\(c,m_{hh}=\dfrac{9,6}{49,48\%}=19,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{CO_2}=0,2.44=8,8\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow m_T=19,4-9,6-8,8=1\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow M_T=\dfrac{1}{0,5}=2\left(\text{g/mol}\right)\\ \rightarrow T:H_2\)

a. %V (ở cùng điều kiện) cũng là %n

\(Tacó:\%V_T=100-30-20=50\%\\ Trong1molhỗnhợp:\\ n_{O_2}=1.30\%=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=1.20\%=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_T=1.50\%=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ b.m_{O_2}=0,3.32=9,6\left(g\right)\\ c.\%m_{O_2}tronghỗnhợplà49,48\%\\ Trong1molhỗnhợp:m_{hh}=\dfrac{9,6}{49,48\%}=19,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{CO_2}=0,2.44=8,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_T=19,4-9,6-8,8=1\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_T=\dfrac{1}{0,5}=2\\ \Rightarrow TlàH_2\)